THE MOTOR INDUSTRY OF JAPAN 2019

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Japanese Automakers Forge Extensive International AlliancesWith economic globalization, Japanese automobile manufacturers have rapidly adapted to the needs of individual markets, not only by shifting production to those markets but also by forging extensive alliances with overseas manufacturers. Various forms of partnership currently exist between Japanese, U.S. and European automakers—including capital and technical tie-ups, joint R&D and production operations, and cooperative sales ties—and such arrangements are expanding yearly. With the rapid growth of motorization in China and Southeast Asia, Japanese automakers have been actively building relationships with local manufacturers there on the basis of capital tie-ups and the supply of production as well as environment- and safety-related technologies. At March 31, 2019Note: In principle, the tie-ups shown above cover only technical cooperation related to motor vehicle production and exclude sales tie-ups.Mutual supplyof finishedvehiclesSupply of 50cc-&-under “scooters”Supply offinished vehicles16.82%equity stakeTechnicalcooperationSupply offinished vehiclesTechnical cooperationCollaborative developmentof a compact FR sports car50.1% equity stake5.05% equity stakeSupply of hybrid technologies under licenceSupply of CVs0.25% equity stake50%equity stakeMutual supplyof CVsSupply ofCVs3.58%equity stakeandbusiness tie-upSupply offinished vehicles50%equity stakeMutual supplyof CVs34%equity stakeMutualsupply offinished vehiclesSupply of CVsSupply of CVsSupply offinishedvehiclesSupply ofCVsJointventurein busbusinessYamahaHondaDaihatsuToyotaHinoSubaruSuzukiUD TrucksMitsubishiNissanIsuzuNMKVMazdaMitsubishiFusoJapan100%equity stakeSupply offinished vehiclesSource: Japan Automobile Manufacturers AssociationGlobal OperationsGlobal Industry Ties51